Looting and devastation in the countryside. However, it too was poorly organized and was quickly put down. With the help of American volunteers, a second rebellion was launched in November 1838. Papineau and other rebel leaders fled to the United States. The defeat of the disorganized rebels was followed by widespread anglophone lootingĪnd burning of French-Canadian settlements. Patriote rebels fought trained British regulars and anglophone volunteers in a series of skirmishes. All of this led to protest rallies across the colonyĪnd calls for armed insurrection from the more radical Patriotes. In the urban areas, tensions rose between French Canadians and the anglophone minority. Meanwhile, French Canadian farmers suffered through anĮconomic depression in the 1830s. Their political demands, which included democratic pleas for responsible government, were rejected in London. ( See also: Francophone-Anglophone Relations.) Of the British governor and his unelected advisers ( see Château Clique), and demanded control over the spending of the colony’s revenues. Since the 1820s, they had peacefully opposed the authority of the Catholic Church. Together, theyĭominated the elected Legislative Assembly. Patriotes, as well as more moderate French Canadian nationalists. The rebellion in Lower Canada was led by Louis-Joseph Papineau and Complex and contradictory, Papineau was the first effective political leader of his people and a fitting symbol of their discontent.
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